3303.441.553 icyuma cya silicon cyongewe kumashanyarazi ya aluminium

Mu nganda, silicon metallic isanzwe ikorwa mukugabanya silika hamwe na karubone mu itanura ryamashanyarazi.

Ikigereranyo cya reaction ya chimique: SiO2 + 2C→Si + 2CO

Ubuziranenge bwa silikoni yabonetse muri ubu buryo ni 97 ~ 98%, ibyo bita silicon yicyuma.Ihita ishonga hanyuma igasubirwamo, hanyuma umwanda ukurwaho na acide kugirango ubone silicon metallic ifite ubuziranenge bwa 99.7 ~ 99.8%.

Ibigize silicon yicyuma ahanini ni silikoni, kuburyo ifite imiterere isa na silicon.
Silicon ifite allotropes ebyiri:amorphous silicon na silikoni ya kristaline.

Amorphous silicon ni aifu yumukara-umukaramubyukuri ni microcrystal.

Crystalline silicon ifiteImiterere ya kristunaigice cya kabiri cya diyama, igushonga ni 1410 ° C., aho batetse ni 2355 ° C, ubukana bwa Moh ni 7, kandi buravunitse.Amorphous silicon ikora muburyo bwa chimique kandi irashoboragutwika cyane muri ogisijeni.Ifata ibyuma bitari ibyuma nka halogene, azote na karubone ku bushyuhe bwinshi, kandi birashobora no gukorana n’ibyuma nka magnesium, calcium na fer kugirango bibe siliside.Amorphous silicon hafi ya yose idashobora gushonga muri acide zose zidasanzwe na organic harimo aside hydrofluoric, ariko irashobora gushonga muri acide ivanze ya acide nitric na aside hydrofluoric.Igisubizo cya sodium hydroxide irashobora gushonga silicon amorphous ikarekura hydrogen.Silicon ya Crystalline idakora cyane, ntabwo ihuza na ogisijeni ndetse no mu bushyuhe bwo hejuru, ntishobora gukemuka muri aside iyo ari yo yose ya organic organique na acide organic, ariko irashonga muri acide ivanze ya acide ya nitric na acide hydrofluoric hamwe na sodium hydroxide yibanze.

Umubare munini wa silikoni ukoreshwa mu gushonga ferrosilicon ivanze nkibintu bivangavanze mu nganda zicyuma nicyuma, kandi nkigikoresho cyo kugabanya gushonga ubwoko bwinshi bwibyuma.Silicon nayo ni ikintu cyiza muri aluminiyumu, kandi amavuta menshi ya aluminiyumu arimo silikoni