Ibikoresho byose bya aluminiyumu byagiye he?

Mu myaka yashize, Ubushinwa bwo gukora amashanyarazi ya aluminium ya electrolytike bwagutse vuba, kandi inganda zijyanye n’ububiko nazo zateye imbere byihuse.Kuva aho ubushinwa bwibanze mu Bushinwa bwo mu majyepfo no mu Bushinwa bwo mu Burasirazuba, bwagutse bugera mu Bushinwa bwo hagati no mu majyaruguru, ndetse ubu n'Uburengerazuba bufite imiterere y'ububiko hamwe n'ububiko bwo kugemura ejo hazaza.Uyu munsi, hamwe no guhererekanya ingufu za aluminiyumu ya electrolytike no kwagura urwego rw’inganda mu nganda, uburyo bw’ubucuruzi bwambere bwo kubika ububiko bwa aluminiyumu burahura n’ibibazo, kandi bwatangiye no kugira ingaruka ku bacuruzi n’abakora ibicuruzwa byo hasi.Urunigi rwibisubizo byakuruye inganda.

Nk’uko ubushakashatsi n’ibarurishamibare byaturutse mu bigo bireba mu nganda z’ibyuma bidafite ferrous, ibarura rya buri munsi ry’ibikoresho bya aluminiyumu ku masoko 16 yo kubika ibicuruzwa bya aluminiyumu mu gihugu hose bizaba toni zigera ku 700.000 mu 2020, ibyo bikaba ari igabanuka rikomeye ry’ibarura rirenze Toni miliyoni 1 mumyaka yashize.Mu bihe byashize, Foshan, Guangdong, Wuxi, Jiangsu, na Shanghai byari ububiko bukuru, muri bwo Guangdong, Shanghai, na Jiangsu ni byo byingenzi cyane, bingana na 70% by'ibikoresho byose byabitswe muri aluminium.
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Guhindura 1: Uruganda rwa aluminiyumu ya electrolytike rwatangiye gushonga no gutera inkoni zivanze kugirango zigabanye ibicuruzwa bya aluminium.Mubyukuri, kuva 2014, Itsinda rya Xinfa, Itsinda ryiringiro, Itsinda rya Weiqiao hamwe nandi masosiyete menshi ya aluminium ya electrolytike yatangiye gutera inkoni nyinshi no kugurisha amazi ya aluminiyumu.Nkuko twese tubizi, ibikoresho bya aluminiyumu nibikoresho fatizo byo gutunganya aluminium.Muri rusange, ibikoresho bya aluminiyumu bigomba gushongeshwa mu itanura kugira ngo hongerwemo ibikoresho bifasha gutunganyirizwa mu bikoresho bya aluminiyumu, hanyuma bikajugunywa mu nkoni zivanze (bizwi ku izina rya aluminium mu nganda), bitwara ingufu nyinshi.Hamwe no gukumira no kongera politiki yo kurengera ibidukikije na politiki yo kuzigama ingufu ahantu hatandukanye, inganda nyinshi za aluminium electrolytike zatangiye gukora mu buryo butaziguye inkoni ya aluminiyumu y’inganda zikora ibicuruzwa byo hasi cyangwa kugurisha amazi ya aluminiyumu ku yandi masosiyete kugira ngo atere inkoni zivanze kugira ngo ahuze n’iterambere ry’iterambere. uko ibintu bimeze.Bamwe mubakora ibicuruzwa byo hepfo bakuyeho uburyo bwo gushonga no guta.Itezimbere kandi ingeso yo kugura inkoni ya aluminiyumu kugirango itungwe.Kuri ubu, igipimo cyaumusaruro wa aluminiummuri electrolytike ya aluminiyumu yabaye nini kandi nini.

Guhindura 2: Ihererekanyabubasha ryinganda za aluminiyumu naryo ryahinduye icyerekezo cyaaluminiumingots ku rugero runini.Mu myaka yashize, yaba ihererekanyabubasha rya aluminiyumu y’amashanyarazi mu turere tw’ingufu z’amakara nka Sinayi na Mongoliya y’imbere mu ntangiriro, cyangwa kwimurira mu ntara z’ingufu zisukuye Yunnan na Sichuan mu myaka ibiri ishize, iyimurwa rya inganda zitunganya aluminium ntizahagaze.Manuka.Uburyo bwambere bwo gutunganya aluminium ya Guangdong yiganje mu ntara imwe kuva kera byongeye kwandikwa.Bimwe mu biyobora amashanyarazi ya aluminiyumu nka Chinalco, Itsinda rya Xinfa, na Weiqiao byaguye iminyururu y’inganda, kandi kugera aho bamanuka byagutse kandi byagutse.Inganda nyinshi zifatanije n’ibice bikikije kandi zatangiye gukora amahuriro yinganda zingana.Amazi menshi ya aluminiyumu yakozwe n’ibiti bya aluminiyumu ya electrolytike arasya, ku buryo ingero nke za aluminiyumu ziva mu ruganda.

Guhindura 3: Guhindura muburyo bwubucuruzi byagabanije ingano ya aluminium igera mububiko.Kuva kera, kuzenguruka kwa aluminiyumu byoherejwe mu nganda za aluminium ya electrolytike mu bubiko ahantu hatandukanye, hanyuma bigezwa ku nganda zitunganya epfo na ruguru.Mu myaka ibiri ishize, impinduka zikomeye zabaye muburyo bwubucuruzi.Abacuruzi n'abakora ibicuruzwa batanga amabwiriza maremare, inzu ku nzu.Nyuma yo kugura, bajyanwa mu ruganda n’imodoka cyangwa kwimura intera ngufi mu ruganda nyuma ya gari ya moshi (inzira y’amazi) igeze, bikuraho ububiko.Ihuza rito rigira ingaruka ku buryo butaziguye ingano ya aluminiyumu igera mu bubiko bwinshi, cyane cyane ububiko bwa Foshan, Guangdong.

Ntagushidikanya ko guhindura imiterere yinganda yibanda ku musaruro wa aluminiyumu biri munzira, byanze bikunze bizahindura imiterere yinganda.Imbere yiyi nzira nimpinduka mubikorwa bya electrolytike ya aluminium,ububiko bwa aluminium, nkimwe mubihuza murwego rwa aluminiyumu, bigomba kandi guhindura imitekerereze yiterambere ryihuse, guhura nibibazo no kwitabira byimazeyo, gushora ubushishozi, no gukurikiza inzira.Gusa murubu buryo dushobora gufata umuyaga tukareka twe ubwacu hamwe nisosiyete tukagenda kure murwego rwa aluminium.