Waba Uzi Gushonga Amabati ya Aluminium?

Amabati ya aluminium ni ibintu bisanzwe mubuzima bwacu bwa buri munsi, bikora nk'ibikoresho byibinyobwa nibindi bicuruzwa.Ibyo bikoresho bikozwe mu bikoresho byoroheje, birwanya ruswa, kandi bishobora gukoreshwa - aluminium.Gukora no gutunganya amabati ya aluminiyumu bikubiyemo inzira nyinshi, harimo gushonga aluminium.Muri iki kiganiro, tuzasesengura uburyo bushimishije bwo gushonga bwa bombo ya aluminiyumu, twibanze ku bintu by'ingenzi nk'itanura rya aluminiyumu yo gushonga, ibikoresho byo gukuraho ibishishwa, ibikoresho byo gutunganya, silicon metallic, hamwe na filteri ya ceramic.

I. Itanura rya Aluminium
Uburyo bwo gushonga bwibikoresho bya aluminiyumu bitangirana nitanura rya aluminiyumu, bigira uruhare runini muguhindura aluminiyumu ikomeye ikayungurura.Hariho ubwoko butandukanye bw'itanura rikoreshwa mu nganda, ariko izisanzwe zirimo ibi bikurikira:
Itanura rya Reverberatory: Iri tanura ryakozwe hamwe nicyumba cyo hasi, cyurukiramende aho aluminiyumu ishyuha mu buryo butaziguye binyuze mu bushyuhe bukabije buturuka ku gisenge no ku rukuta.Itanura rishobora kugera ku bushyuhe bugera kuri 1200 ° C, bikaba birenze bihagije gushonga aluminium.
Itanura rya Crucible: Ubu bwoko bwitanura bukoresha umurongo utondekanye neza kugirango ufate aluminium.Ikibumbano gishyuha n'amashanyarazi cyangwa gaze ikoreshwa na aluminiyumu irashonga.
Itanura rya Induction: Iri tanura rishingiye ku kwinjiza amashanyarazi kugira ngo bitange ubushyuhe muri aluminium.Inzira irasukuye kandi ikoresha ingufu, bigatuma ihitamo gukundwa na aluminium.

II.Ibikoresho byo gukuraho ibicuruzwa
Mugihe cyo gushonga, umwanda uri muri aluminiyumu urashobora gukora igipande cya shitingi hejuru yicyuma gishongeshejwe.Kugirango umenye neza ibicuruzwa byanyuma, ni ngombwa gukuraho icyapa.Ibikoresho byo gukuraho ibicuruzwa, bizwi kandi nka fluxes, ni imiti yorohereza gutandukanya ibishishwa na aluminiyumu yashongeshejwe.Ibikoresho bisanzwe byo gukuraho slag birimo ibi bikurikira:
Sodium Chloride (NaCl): Uyu munyu ufasha kumena igishishwa, byoroshye kuyikuramo.
Chloride ya Potasiyumu (KCl): Kimwe na chloride ya sodium, chloride ya potasiyumu ifasha mu gusenyuka kwa slag, bigatuma itandukana na aluminiyumu yashongeshejwe.
Fluoride ishingiye kuri Fluxes: Izi flux zifasha mugukuraho umwanda wa oxyde kandi bikanagabanya aho gushonga kwa slag, byoroshye kuyikuramo.

III.Abakozi batunganya

Ibikoresho byo gutunganya bikoreshwa mukuzamura ubwiza bwa aluminiyumu yashongeshejwe mukuraho umwanda nka gaze ya hydrogène hamwe nibindi.Bimwe mubikorwa bisanzwe byo gutunganya birimo ibi bikurikira:

Hexachloroethane (C2Cl6): Uru ruganda rwangirika muri aluminiyumu yashongeshejwe, irekura gaze ya chlorine ikora imyanda, ikaborohereza kuyikuramo.
Gazi ya Azote (N2): Iyo gaze ya azote yuzuye muri aluminiyumu yashongeshejwe, ifasha gukuramo gaze ya hydrogène hamwe n’ibiyirimo.
Gazi ya Argon (Ar): Kimwe na azote, gaze ya argon irashobora gukoreshwa mugukuraho gaze ya hydrogène hamwe nibindi biva muri aluminiyumu yashongeshejwe.

IV.Silicon

Silicon metallic yongewe kuri aluminiyumu yashongeshejwe nkibintu bivanga.Kwiyongera kwa silicon metallic itezimbere imiterere yibicuruzwa byanyuma, nkimbaraga zayo nubukomezi.Byongeye kandi, silicon ifasha kandi mugutunganya aluminiyumu yashongeshejwe no kwanduza umwanda no guteza imbere kuyikuraho.

Mu gusoza, uburyo bwo gushonga amabati ya aluminiyumu nuburyo bugoye ariko bushimishije burimo ibice byinshi byingenzi nintambwe.Itanura rya aluminiyumu, yaba itanura risubirwamo, rikomeye, cyangwa itanura ryinjira, rikora nkinkingi yimikorere, rituma ihinduka rya aluminiyumu ikomeye ihinduka leta yashonze.Ibikoresho byo gukuraho ibicuruzwa, nka sodium chloride na potasiyumu chloride, bigira uruhare runini mu kurandura umwanda no kwemeza ubwiza bwa aluminiyumu yashongeshejwe.Ibikoresho byo gutunganya, nka hexachloroethane na gaze ya azote, birusheho kuzamura ubwiza ukuraho gaze ya hydrogène hamwe n’ibindi.Kwiyongera kwa silicon metallic nkibintu bivangavanze ntabwo bizamura gusa imiterere yubukorikori bwibicuruzwa byanyuma ahubwo bifasha no gutunganya.Ubwanyuma, ceramic ceramic filteri ifasha mugusukura kwa nyuma ya aluminiyumu yashongeshejwe, bikavamo ibicuruzwa bisukuye kandi byujuje ubuziranenge.Gusobanukirwa ibi bintu byingenzi nintambwe bitanga ubushishozi bwingirakamaro mubikorwa bidasanzwe inyuma yumusaruro nogutunganya amabati ya aluminium.